Mikhail Gorbachev and the Collapse of Communism

Glasnost (or Openness) means freedom of speech and Perestroika (or economic restructuring) means the changing in economy. Mikhail Gorbachev was a young leader in the Soviet Union. He had visions and alot of ideas for changing the econony to make it more better. he even made policies which were glasnost and perestroika, which are defined in the begining of this paragraph.

Many ideas have occured to Gorbachev to fixing the soviet economy with more policies, systems, reforms, etc. He also lossen the elections and also lossens many satellite states. Vagorbachev has made changes for the people and they were happy for his hard work in changes.

The Collapse of Communism

Communism went coming down on the USSR and the Eastern Europe because of bankrupt. They wasted alot of money to keep going in their argument, but in the end, the USSR ran out of money and they gave up. The Berin wall a big structure that separated the East and the West of Germany. Both sides tried to cross the border between them, but none prevailed and no one made it through. They both decided to make ways to cross the border before tearing down the wall.

It would seem that they got tired of not crossing from the wall so they agreed to destroy the Berlin Wall. They even used rock hammers to have pieces of the wall as souvenirs. Its kind of confusing that they did that. Also, the Soviet Union Started to separate in to fifteen different republic after the fall of the wall. This event changed the world and Communism came to an end completely.

Nelson Mandela and Apartheid

Apartheid is a policy of segregation and an economic discrimination that is against non-European in South Africa. Nelson Mandela was known a hero for trying to set free of South Africa from the system that the Europeans have set upon. He was set in prison for 27 long years and he waited. After being set free, Nelson Mandela was seeing that the people wanted to follow him in his footsteps to freedom.

Mandela was making plans on how to liberate South Africa. Mandela became president of South Africa for his hard work on freeing the country and awarded with the Nobel prize. The South African Government were afraid if Mandela were to die in prison, then a black revolution would occur and it would be hard for them to handle so they let him go.

African Independence

African poeple were not treated very fairly and they decided to have independence in the continent, so now there was a few people who were ready to step up and give Africa independence. There were a few people who were going to give Africa independence like Jomo Kenyatta, Mau Mau, Leopold Senghold, Kwame Nkrumah, etc.

In the year 1955, before Africa obtained their independence, there were only about 4 countries that already had independence, while the other countries belonged to the colonies. Then by 1975, thanks to the leaders who lead Africa, almost all of Africa has their independence. In the end, Jomo Kenyatta became president which the British confirmed to him for Africa.